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| Name | Urethral Strictures: Etiology, Clinical features, Diagnosis, Management: Surgery |
| Video Uploader | Video From Dr.G Bhanu Prakash Animated Medical Videos |
| Upload Date | This Video Uploaded At 26-09-2024 14:21:37 |
| Video Discription | 📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- https://www.instagram.com/drgbhanuprakash 📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash Etiology The most common causes of urethral strictures include: 1. Trauma: Pelvic fractures or injuries that involve the perineum (e.g., straddle injuries) can damage the urethra and lead to scarring. 2. Iatrogenic: Medical interventions such as catheterization, cystoscopy, and urethral surgeries (e.g., transurethral resections) can cause damage to the urethra, resulting in scar tissue formation. 3. Infections: Sexually transmitted infections (e.g., gonorrhea) or chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs) can lead to inflammation and subsequent stricture formation. 4. Congenital: Some individuals may be born with congenital urethral strictures due to abnormalities in urethral development. 5. Inflammatory Conditions: Lichen sclerosus, a chronic skin condition, can lead to urethral strictures due to chronic inflammation and scarring of the genital skin. Clinical Features - The clinical manifestations of urethral strictures often depend on the severity and location of the narrowing. Common symptoms include: 1. Urinary Symptoms: Weak urine stream or difficulty initiating urination (straining). Incomplete emptying of the bladder. Dribbling at the end of urination. Frequent urination due to incomplete bladder emptying. 2. Pain: Dysuria (painful urination) may occur, especially in cases of infection or inflammation around the stricture. 3. Hematuria: Blood in the urine may be present in some cases, particularly after trauma or instrumentation. 4. Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Obstruction to urine flow increases the risk of recurrent infections. 5. Urinary Retention: In severe cases, the obstruction can lead to acute urinary retention, where the patient is unable to urinate, requiring emergency medical attention. Diagnosis - Diagnosing urethral stricture involves both clinical evaluation and imaging techniques: 1. History and Physical Examination: A thorough history of urinary symptoms, trauma, infections, and medical procedures can provide clues. Palpation of the penile urethra may reveal indurations (hardened areas). 2. Uroflowmetry: Measures the rate of urine flow. A reduced flow rate may indicate obstruction due to a stricture. 3. Post-Void Residual Volume (PVR): An ultrasound can assess how much urine remains in the bladder after urination. High PVR suggests incomplete bladder emptying. 4. Retrograde Urethrogram (RUG): This x-ray study involves injecting contrast dye into the urethra to visualize the stricture's location and severity. 5. Cystoscopy: Direct visualization of the urethra using a flexible scope (cystoscope) can confirm the presence, length, and extent of the stricture. 6. Ultrasound Urethrography: A non-invasive imaging method to assess the length and thickness of the stricture, providing valuable information for planning surgical treatment. Management - The management of urethral strictures depends on the length, location, and severity of the stricture, as well as the overall health of the patient. Non-Surgical Options 1. Urethral Dilation: Gradual stretching of the stricture using specially designed dilators. This is usually a temporary solution and often requires repeated procedures. 2. Internal Urethrotomy (DVIU): A minimally invasive procedure in which a scope is inserted into the urethra, and the stricture is cut to widen the passage. This option may also be temporary, with the risk of recurrence. Surgical Options 1. Urethroplasty: This is the gold standard treatment for longer or more complex strictures. It involves surgical reconstruction of the urethra by excising the scar tissue and either joining the two healthy ends of the urethra or using tissue grafts (from the buccal mucosa or genital skin). Types of urethroplasty include: End-to-end anastomotic urethroplasty for short strictures. Substitution urethroplasty using tissue grafts for longer strictures. 2. Perineal Urethrostomy: In severe cases where reconstructive surgery is not feasible, a permanent opening is made in the perineum (near the anus) to allow urine to pass. Postoperative Care: Post-surgery, patients typically require temporary catheterization for healing. Antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent infection, and regular follow-up with a uroflowmetry or urethroscopy is essential to monitor for recurrence. #UrethralStricture #UrologyAwareness #SurgeryCare #Urethroplasty #UrologyHealth #MenHealth #UrinarySymptoms #ReconstructiveSurgery #BladderHealth #medicalanimations #fmge #fmgevideos #rapidrevisionfmge #fmge2024 #mbbslectures #nationalexitexam #nationalexittest #neetpg #usmlepreparation #usmlestep1 #fmge #usmle #drgbhanuprakash #medicalstudents #medicalstudent #medicalcollege #neetpg2025 #usmleprep #usmlevideos #usmlestep1videos #medicalstudents #neetpgvideos #usmlestep2videos |
| Category | Education |
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